From time to time I come across items that I feel assist me with greater understanding of the Unariun core curriculum. I would like to present here three items: First an excerpt from a book, a video, and an article. I hope these examples will also assist the reader as it has with me in better comprehension of the Infinite world around us.

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The Nature of Existence

by Eklal Kueshana (T=teacher, S=student)

T: Do you know how an atom is constructed?

S: Sort of.

T: Tell me what you know.

S: Well, it’s got a positive center and electrons that are negative and going circles around the center.

T: What are the electrons?

S: Bits of matter.

T: What does that really mean?

S: I’m not sure.

T: Do you suppose they can be likened to tiny balls flying in an orbit like planets around the sun?

S: That’s a good explanation.

T: Actually, electrons and other sub-atomic particles aren’t in the least bit solid; they are ‘bundles’ of energy. The charges of electricity they are represented to possess are merely a convenience to explain certain attractions and repulsions relative to charged and magnetic fields. You are probably aware that every particle within an atom moves in an orbit. Even the proton in the atom’s nucleus travels a very tight orbit which determines its apparent diameter. In addition to orbiting there is another important motion of all sub-atomic particles, and this motion is called nutation. It is valuable for you to understand nutational motion because it is the very key to the secrets of the universe. Every sub-atomic particle spins about its own internal axis, and nutation refers to a wobble of the axis of rotation. Each particle in the physical universe experiences a nutation period of precisely the same rate.

S: What does that mean?

T: It means that each sub-atomic particle of matter and each quantum-particle of electromagnetic energy spins upon its own axis just the way our planet Earth turns on its poles, and that all these axes wobble at one constant rate regardless of the energy of mass of the particle. It is important that you distinguish between spinning and orbiting. Although all particles spin, some particles travel in closed orbits whereas other particles travel in straight lines. Energy can be converted into matter and vice versa, but the nutational rate of these particles never varies; nor is there any physical power in the universe which can alter the nutational rate one whit.

Incidentally, gravity and magnetism, which are different manifestations of the same force, are inherent in the axial spin of particles. One day men will derive more power for motors directly from this source than they shall ever achieve from fuels, electricity, or nuclear disintegration.

S: How could that be?

T: ‘Matter’ is essentially a concept of our sense perceptors which themselves are of the same ‘matter’. Our world and everything in it is composed of atoms, but atoms are only packages of energy whose seeming solidity and integrity are due to the circular motions of their components. An atom is almost entirely empty space consisting of a central blob of whirling energy sheathed by the orbits of electrons. The orbiting electrons describe a more or less spherical shell of energy; but don’t imagine that this shell makes the atom a hollow ball of some concreteness. The emptiness in which the sub-atomic particles exist can be visualized by the supposition that if the nucleus of a an atom were enlarged to the size of our sun, then the shell described by its electrons would be twelve times greater than the diameter of our solar system. A pound of iron, which seems quite solid and ponderable to us, is merely an aggregation of swirls of energy separated by comparatively vast reaches of emptiness. This illustration also applies to our own bodies. The cells which comprise our tissues, nerves, and blood are of the same intangible swirls. Do you have these concepts pretty well in mind now?

S: I think so except that I’ve never really understood what a quantum is.

T: Electromagnetic energy such as radio, heat, light and X-rays can be envisioned as traversing the ether in the form of bullets, or packages, called quantum particles.

S: I’ve heard of the radio waves traveling on the ether but what is ether?

T: The entire universe is permeated with a ‘basic energy’ which is, you might say, of a rarefied concentration compared to the energy bundles which comprise atoms and quantum particles. It’s hard to conceive of ‘basic energy’ with the same understanding associated with energy, for the ‘basic’ type has no motion and cannot impart force. It is quiescent, passive, and imperceptible. It is the mother of energy and matter. It is that from which all things are created. Yet, despite its all-pervasive nature, about the only evidence we have of its existence is the wave phenomena of the propagation of light.

This ‘basic energy’, or ether, imposes a limit on the speed of light. Otherwise we might expect a quantum of light to achieve any speed depending upon the amount of energy that could be exerted upon it. If space were truly empty nothingness, then radiated energy would be able to travel at any rate in an infinite range of speeds instead of having an upper limit which we have named the speed of light. All electromagnetic radiations travel at the same speeds though space whether it be low-energy radiation or high-energy radiation.

Analogous to the way that air is the carrier of sound vibrations, the ‘basic energy’ permeating space is the ‘fluid’ carrier of quantum particles. Particles of radiated energy must buck the speed-barrier inherent in ‘basic energy’. As particles comprising electromagnetic radiation proceed through space, a chattering effect with wave-like pulses results. The more energy a particle has, the greater is the frequency of its chatter. Are you following my explanation?

S: Very clearly!

T: Now that you have some knowledge of the inanimate physical world, we shall discuss the phenomena of living things in relatively simple terms. To begin, there are [many] planes of existence in the universe. The physical plane is the lowest…and is referred to as the lowest plane because the nutational rate of its constituent atoms and quanta has the slowest frequency of the [many] planes [in existence]. Our planet, the stars, and the light we see are all of this lowest nutational rate.

Each of the planes of existence consists of atoms and quanta, and each plane is differentiated from the others by the nutational rate of the matter and energy composing it. Therefore there are many nutational rates – one for each plane of existence. No scientific instrument on the physical plane of existence can detect or measure the presence of the higher, more refined planes of existence [at least not yet]. Atoms and energy of one nutational rate are not in rapport, as it were, with those of a different nutational rate. Inasmuch as the nerves composing man’s five physical senses are of atoms of the same nutational rate as those of any other physical instrument, these senses are also unable to perceive the higher planes. However, certain powers inherent in Mind can provide the means whereby the upper planes may be ‘seen’.

Excerpt from The Ultimate Frontier

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Antenna Fundamentals: Propagation

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These Levitating Droplets Behave Strangely Like Quantum Particles

by Fiona MacDonald

There’s something strange about these droplets of silicon oil – and it’s not just the way they’re bouncing above the petri dish. They actually replicate a lot of the weird phenomena of quantum mechanics, but on a scale we can actually see. And this episode of Veritasium explains how that can help us wrap our minds around some of the stranger hypotheses surrounding quantum particles.

But to start with – why are these oil droplets bouncing in the first place? In the experiment above, Derek from Veritasium has set up a petri dish full of silicon oil on top of a speaker that he’s using to vibrate the dish.

By creating droplets with a toothpick, he can cause them to hover along the surface, bouncing above a tiny layer of air between the oil and the droplet that never gets small enough for the oil to recombine.

Every time that droplet bounces, it creates a standing wave in the dish that oscillates up and down.

Not only does the droplet create the standing wave, it also interacts with it on its next bounce. And if it keeps landing on the same side of the wave, the droplet gets pushed forward, which scientists call a ‘walker’.

But what’s really interesting is how these droplets behave. They’re way too big to be quantum – they’re around one millimeter across – but scientists have recently discovered that they can use these little droplets to replicate many of the strange phenomena of quantum mechanics.

Take, for example, the classic double-slit experiment. In traditional quantum mechanics, the double-slit experiment involves firing a beam of particles, such as electrons, at two narrow slits.

On the other side, rather than the electrons ending up in two distinct clumps behind the slits, as you’d expect, they produce an interference pattern – a pretty even spattering of electrons across area behind the slits.

That even happens when you send the electrons through one at a time, and it’s just one of the many baffling phenomena in quantum mechanics.

With these bouncing oil droplets, you can recreate the double-slit experiment, and watch as the standing wave (or pilot wave) travels through both slits, while the droplet itself only travels through one.

But the droplets don’t always move in a straight line, because they’re jostled around and guided by these standing waves. So you end up with the drops scattered on the other side in a very similar pattern to a quantum interference pattern.

(Side note: this is probably the best and simplest demonstration of the double-slit experiment we’ve ever seen.)

That’s weird enough, but the droplets also display the same phenomenon of quantum tunnelling – where it’s possible for a particle to get through a barrier that it wouldn’t classically have enough energy to get over.

And if you look at a ‘walker’ oil droplet confined to a circular corral, such as a petri dish, and track its chaotic movement over time as it bounces off its standing waves, you can create a probability density that shows the likelihood of the droplet being found at any point within the petri dish at any one time.

It turns out, that pattern will look a lot like the probability density of electrons confined in a quantum corral. Which is pretty freaky, but definitely not a coincidence.

So why are these droplets so similar to quantum particles?

We’ll let Derek explain that in the video above, but let’s just say that observing these little bouncing droplets can help physicists (and the rest of us) wrap our tiny human minds around some of the competing hypotheses out there about quantum mechanics, such as the Copenhagen interpretation and pilot wave theory.

Check it out and see which you think makes more sense – or just marvel at strange bouncing oil droplets that seem to defy physics.

And if you want to find out more about how oil droplets – and even water – levitate in the first place, check out the incredible episode of Smarter Every Day below… he even makes them happen in space: